In Arizona, the clock starts ticking the moment you are injured. Under A.R.S. § 12-542, most personal injury claims must be filed within two years of the date of the injury. This applies to car accidents, slip and falls, most premises liability cases, and many other injury claims. Miss the deadline, and a court will almost certainly dismiss your case no matter how strong it is.
The General Rule: Two Years
Two years can feel like a long time, but it passes quickly when you are focused on recovering from a serious injury, dealing with insurance companies, and trying to return to work. Evidence also fades: witnesses move, surveillance footage is overwritten, and memories blur. The practical deadline to begin building a strong case is far sooner than the legal deadline to file.
The 180-Day Government Claim Trap
If your injury involves a government entity, a city bus, a county vehicle, a pothole on a state road, a slip in a public building, the timeline shrinks dramatically. Under A.R.S. § 12-821.01, you must serve a formal notice of claim on the public entity within just 180 days of the incident, and you must file any lawsuit within one year.
This notice of claim has strict content requirements, including a specific settlement demand and the facts supporting it. A defective notice can bar your claim entirely. Because so many Arizona accidents involve some government component, it is dangerous to assume you have the full two years.
The Discovery Rule and Other Exceptions
Arizona recognizes a 'discovery rule' that can delay the start of the clock. In cases where an injury is not immediately apparent, such as a misdiagnosis or exposure to a harmful substance, the two years may begin when you knew or reasonably should have known of the injury and its cause, rather than the date of the underlying event.
Other exceptions can pause (or 'toll') the clock. For minors, the deadline generally does not begin until they turn 18. For someone of 'unsound mind,' the period may be tolled during the period of incapacity. These exceptions are fact-specific and frequently disputed by insurers, so they should never be relied on without legal guidance.
Why Acting Early Protects Your Claim
Beyond the legal deadlines, early action preserves the evidence that wins cases. An attorney can send litigation-hold letters to keep a trucking company from deleting electronic logs, secure surveillance footage before it loops, and document a hazard before it is repaired. The sooner the investigation begins, the stronger your position.
If you have been injured in Arizona, do not wait to find out which deadline applies to your situation. A free case review can identify the exact timeline for your claim and ensure no deadline slips past.
Have questions about your own situation? Get a free, confidential case review. You pay no fee unless you win. Call 973-566-5599.
This article is for general informational purposes only and is not legal advice. For guidance on your specific situation, consult a licensed Arizona attorney.